Overview (history, characteristics, attractions)
Lake Biwa is Japan's largest freshwater lake, covering an area of approximately 670 km² and a circumference of approximately 235 km. Located almost in the center of Shiga Prefecture, Otsu City is a major city that spreads across the lake's southwestern shore. Believed to have been created by tectonic activity approximately 400,000 years ago, the lake has long supported the local community's lifestyles and culture as a key link in water transportation, fishing, and agriculture. Named "Lake Biwa" because its shape resembles the biwa (Japanese lute) held by a monk, the lake is deeply connected to Japanese history and early modern logistics (the Omi merchants). The lake offers beautiful scenery in each of the four seasons, including cherry blossoms in spring, beaches and fireworks in summer, autumn leaves, and clear winter mornings. Its greatest appeal is the coexistence of natural scenery and historical culture.
Highlights
- Otsu Port Michigan Sightseeing Boat: The Michigan sightseeing boat, which departs and arrives at Otsu Port, is a popular activity that allows you to leisurely enjoy the scenery from the lake (the required time is approximately 40 to 90 minutes depending on the course).
- Nagisa Park and Lakeside Scenery: Perfect for strolls and picnics. Also popular as a sunset spot.
- Lake Biwa Bridge and surrounding area: Enjoy the view from the long bridge spanning the lake and the surrounding driving courses.
- Biwaichi (cycling around the lake): This cycling route around the lake is popular with cyclists from both Japan and abroad (some sections are suitable for sightseeing).
- Islands on the lake: Chikubushima Island has historic temples and shrines (Hogonji Temple and Tsukufusuma Shrine) and can be visited by sightseeing boat (mainly boat services to Nagahama and Hikone).
- Nearby temples, shrines, and historical sites (Otsu side): There are many historical spots such as Ishiyama-dera Temple and Mii-dera Temple (a representative temple of Omi-Otsu).
- Seasonal events: The Lake Biwa Fireworks Festival in summer (check the dates and times each year), marine activities on the lakeside, and vivid winter scenery.
Access (nearest station, transportation, etc.)
- Train: About 10 minutes by JR from Kyoto (JR Biwako Line/Tokaido Main Line to Otsu Station, Zeze Station, etc.). From Osaka, it takes about 30 to 50 minutes by special rapid train to the lakeside station. Major stations: Otsu Station, Zeze Station, Ishiyama Station, Omi-Maiko Station (west side of the lake), etc. The nearest station will vary depending on your destination.
- Buses and routes: Local buses run from Otsu Station and various tourist hubs to the lakeshore and temples and shrines. There are also shuttle buses and places within walking distance to the sightseeing boat docks.
- By car: Access each spot via the Kyoto Higashi IC or Otsu IC on the Meishin Expressway or the Lakeside Road (national and prefectural roads). There is a parking lot on the lakeside, but it may fill up during peak seasons, so we recommend leaving early.
- Boat: You can take a sightseeing boat from Otsu Port or a boat bound for Chikubushima from Nagahama or Hikone. Boat operations vary depending on the season and weather, so please check in advance.
Estimated stay (estimated time required)
– Quick stroll along the lake and take photos: 1-2 hours
– Michigan Cruise + Lakeside Walk: Half Day (approximately 3-4 hours)
– Temple and shrine visits + lake sightseeing (if touring the Otsu area): half a day to one day
- Cycling (section use): Half a day to a full day, or 1 to 3 days if you are aiming for the full loop (Biwaichi) (overnight stay recommended)
– Chikubushima sightseeing (including boat trip): Half day (depending on boat time and visiting time)
Nearby spots
- Ishiyama-dera Temple (Otsu City): An ancient temple associated with Murasaki Shikibu, with beautiful cherry blossoms and autumn leaves.
– Mii-dera Temple (Onjo-ji Temple/Otsu City): A spot where you can experience the vast grounds and historical culture.
– Lake Biwa Otsukan and Nagisa Park: Gardens, garden restaurant, and walking area.
- Hikone Castle (Hikone City): A national treasure castle located on the eastern side of the lake, it is easy to visit in conjunction with Lake Biwa.
– Nagahama: Retro townscapes such as Kurokabe Square and lake views.
– Lake Biwa Museum (Kusatsu City): A facility where you can learn about ecosystems and the environment (recommended for families).
- Biwako Terrace/Biwako Valley (mountaintop observation point): Take the lift up and enjoy a panoramic view of Lake Biwa (seasonal hours, please check).
Things to be aware of (crowding, etiquette, seasonal precautions, etc.)
- Crowds: Parking lots, stations, and sightseeing boats will be crowded during the summer beach season, Obon, Golden Week, fireworks festival days, and autumn foliage and cherry blossom season. We recommend arriving early and making reservations in advance.
- Manners: To protect the natural environment, be sure to take your trash with you when you leave the lakeside, and be mindful of noise and fire. Fireworks and bonfires are prohibited in many areas except in designated areas.
- Water Safety: Only swim at permitted beaches and be aware of no-swimming areas and sudden changes in weather and wind. When using a boat or canoe, be sure to wear a life jacket and check the weather. Strong winds can easily cause waves on the lake.
- Seasonal precautions: In summer, take precautions against heatstroke and sunburn (wear a hat and stay hydrated), in spring and autumn, cold mornings and evenings, and in winter, cold winds and frozen roads (especially when driving early in the morning or at night).
- Traffic restrictions: During events, traffic restrictions and temporary parking lots may be set up in the surrounding area, so please check the organizer's information.
- Environmental conservation: To protect rare species and preserve water quality, please be mindful of fishing etiquette and prevent the introduction of invasive species (by inspecting your outboard motor, etc.).
Additional Travel Tips
– The lake surface is extremely beautiful in the early morning and at dusk, making it a great place for photography.
- Using Otsu as a base makes it easy to travel around the southern part of Lake Biwa and Kyoto, making it convenient for day trips.
If necessary, we can also create model itineraries based on your purpose (cruise, cycling, visiting temples and shrines, etc.) and plans to avoid crowds by time of day. Please let us know which plan you would like to know about.
